How to Become a Phlebotomist (2026 Guide)

NHA gives you two ways to qualify for the CPT exam. The training pathway: complete an NHA-recognized phlebotomy training program within the last 5 years. The work experience pathway: complete 1-2 years of supervised phlebotomy work experience. Either way, you must document at least 30 successful venipunctures and 10 successful capillary sticks performed under supervision — this requirement applies to both pathways and is the part candidates most often underestimate.

Because the procedure-count documentation is required either way, most candidates complete it through a training program's clinical rotation rather than trying to log the draws on their own in an entry-level job.

120 multiple-choice questions (100 scored, 20 unscored pretest questions you won't be able to identify) over a 2-hour time limit. A scaled score of 390 (on a 500-point range) is required to pass. If you don't pass, NHA requires a waiting period before you can retake — plan your study schedule around getting it right the first time rather than treating the exam as low-stakes practice.

NHA certification is national, but California, Louisiana, Nevada, and Washingtonalso require phlebotomists to hold a separate state license or registration before they can legally draw blood. If you plan to work in any of those four states, check that state's health department or licensing board for the exact process, fees, and timeline before you apply for jobs. In every other state, NHA certification alone is generally sufficient, though individual employers may have their own preferences.

Your CPT certification is valid for 2 years. To renew, complete 10 continuing education credits and pay the recertification fee. Most CPTs track CE credits throughout each cycle rather than scrambling near the deadline, since CE opportunities (webinars, employer in-services) come up year-round.